What is SPF in Sunscreen? SPF 15, 30, 50 and 50+

SPF in sunscreen stands for Sun Protection Factor, and it is a measure of how effectively a sunscreen product can protect your skin from the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The SPF value indicates the level of protection against the sunburn-causing UVB rays.

When you apply sunscreen with a certain SPF, it extends the time it takes for your skin to get sunburned compared to if you were not wearing any sunscreen. 

It is important to note that SPF in sunscreen primarily measures protection against UVB rays, which are responsible for sunburns and play a significant role in the development of skin cancer. However, UVB protection alone is not sufficient, as UVA rays also contribute to skin damage and premature ageing.

To ensure broad spectrum protection, it is recommended to choose sunscreens labelled as "Broad Spectrum" or those that mention protection against both UVA and UVB rays.

Advertisment

Remember that sunscreen should be applied generously and reapplied regularly, especially after swimming, sweating, or prolonged sun exposure. Additionally, it's always advisable to seek shade, wear protective clothing, and use other sun protection measures in conjunction with sunscreen to minimise sun damage.

List of SPFs in sunscreen and their uses

Sunscreen products are available in various SPF (Sun Protection Factor) levels, offering different levels of protection against UVB rays. Here's a general breakdown of common SPF levels and their uses:

• SPF 15: This is the minimum recommended SPF for everyday use. It blocks approximately 93% of UVB rays and allows you to stay in the sun 15 times longer before getting sunburned compared to unprotected skin. SPF 15 is suitable for daily activities with limited sun exposure.

• SPF 30: This is a popular choice for everyday outdoor activities. It blocks around 97% of UVB rays and allows you to stay in the sun 30 times longer before sunburn occurs. SPF 30 is a good option for moderate sun exposure during activities like walking, running errands, or spending short periods outside.

• SPF 50: This provides high protection, blocking about 98% of UVB rays. It allows you to stay in the sun 50 times longer before sunburn. SPF 50 is commonly recommended for extended outdoor activities or when exposed to intense sunlight, such as during hiking, gardening, or outdoor sports.

Advertisment

• SPF 50+ or higher: Some sunscreens may have SPF values above 50, such as SPF 50+ or SPF 100. These products offer similar UVB protection as SPF 50 but provide an extra margin of safety. They can be suitable for individuals with fair or sensitive skin, or when visiting locations with intense sunlight or high altitude areas.

It is important to note that regardless of the SPF in sunscreen, it should be reapplied every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. No sunscreen provides 100% protection, so it's advisable to seek shade, wear protective clothing, and use other sun protection measures in conjunction with sunscreen for comprehensive protection.

Always follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and consider your skin type, sun sensitivity, and the duration and intensity of sun exposure when choosing an appropriate SPF level for your needs.

Myths and facts related to SPF in sunscreen 

• Myth: A higher SPF in sunscreen provides significantly better protection.
• Fact: While it is true that a higher SPF offers greater protection, the difference is not as significant as it may seem. Going beyond SPF 50 doesn't provide a significant increase in protection.

Advertisment

• Myth: SPF in sunscreen provide 100% protection against the sun.
• Fact: No sunscreen can provide 100% protection against the sun. Even the highest SPF in sunscreen can still allow a small percentage of UV radiation to reach the skin. It's important to remember that SPF only measures protection against UVB rays, which cause sunburns, and does not indicate protection against UVA rays, which can cause long-term skin damage.

• Myth: Sunscreens with high SPF last all day.
• Fact: Sunscreens, regardless of their SPF, need to be reapplied regularly for optimal protection. Sweat, water, and activities like towel drying can remove sunscreen from the skin. It is generally recommended to reapply sunscreen every two hours or more frequently if sweating or swimming.

• Myth: You do not need sunscreen on cloudy or cold days.
• Fact: UV rays can penetrate clouds and reach the Earth's surface even on cloudy or cold days. It's important to wear sunscreen or use other forms of sun protection whenever you are exposed to daylight, regardless of the weather conditions.

• Myth: Sunscreens with chemical filters are harmful to your health.
• Fact: The safety of sunscreen ingredients, including chemical filters, has been extensively studied and approved by regulatory authorities. When used as directed, sunscreens are considered safe and effective in protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun.

• Myth: Sunscreen can be used to prolong sun exposure.
• Fact: Sunscreen is not intended to increase the amount of time you can spend in the sun. Its purpose is to provide protection during unavoidable sun exposure. Prolonged or excessive sun exposure, even with sunscreen, can still lead to skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer.

• Myth: All sunscreen products are the same.
• Fact: Sunscreen products can vary in terms of their active ingredients, formulation, water resistance, and other factors. It is important to choose a broad spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays, and to select a product that suits your skin type and preferences.

Remember, it is always a good idea to consult with a dermatologist or healthcare professional for personalised advice on sun protection and skincare. Explore Gytree’s dermatology packages to get the experts guidance.

What is the right way to apply sunscreen?

Applying sunscreen properly is essential to ensure effective protection against the harmful effects of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays. Here is a step by step guide on the right way to apply sunscreen:

• Choose the right sunscreen: Choose the sunscreen which suits your skin.

• Apply it generously: Begin by squeezing out a sufficient amount of sunscreen, typically about one ounce, to cover your entire body. Adjust the amount accordingly based on your body size. Remember, it is better to use a little more than too little.

• Apply before sun exposure: Apply sunscreen approximately 15 to 30 minutes before going outside to allow it to fully bind to your skin.

• Cover all exposed areas: Pay attention to all exposed areas that can be easily overlooked, such as the face, ears, neck, arms, legs, and any other body parts exposed to the sun. Remember to apply sunscreen to your scalp if you have thin hair or a receding hairline, or wear a hat for protection.

• Use gentle motions: Gently rub the sunscreen onto your skin in circular motions. Ensure that it's evenly spread, leaving no gaps or patches.

• Don't forget sensitive areas: Take care not to overlook sensitive areas such as the tops of your feet, the back of your hands, and behind your ears.

• Reapply frequently: Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or more frequently if you have been sweating excessively or swimming. Even if the sunscreen claims to be water resistant, it is important to reapply after water exposure.

• Consider additional protection: Sunscreen is just one part of sun protection. To maximise your defence against UV rays, seek shade when the sun is strongest, wear protective clothing, such as hats and sunglasses, and use other forms of sun protection like umbrellas or tents.

Remember that sunscreen should be part of your daily routine, even on cloudy or overcast days, as UV rays can still penetrate clouds and cause skin damage. Additionally, if you have any specific concerns or conditions related to sun exposure, consult a dermatologist for personalised advice.

Common mistakes to be avoided while applying sunscreen:-

While applying sunscreen is crucial for sun protection, there are some common mistakes that people often make. Here are a few mistakes to avoid when applying sunscreen:

• Insufficient amount: Using too little sunscreen is a common mistake. It is important to apply a generous amount to ensure proper coverage and protection. As a general guideline, use about one ounce to cover your entire body.

• Missing exposed areas: People sometimes forget to apply sunscreen to all exposed areas. Remember to cover commonly overlooked areas such as the ears, back of the neck, tops of the feet, and back of the hands.

• Neglecting to reapply: Sunscreen should be reapplied regularly to maintain its effectiveness. Many people forget to reapply sunscreen after the initial application, especially after sweating, swimming, or towel drying. Follow the recommended reapplication guidelines on the sunscreen label, usually every two hours or more frequently if needed.

• Applying sunscreen after sun exposure: Sunscreen should be applied before going out into the sun, allowing it enough time to absorb into the skin. Applying sunscreen after sun exposure won't provide the same level of protection.

• Using an expired sunscreen: Sunscreen has an expiration date, and using expired sunscreen may lead to reduced effectiveness. Check the expiration date on the product and replace it if necessary.

• Not using a broad spectrum sunscreen: Ensure that you choose a broad spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays. UVB rays are responsible for sunburn, while UVA rays contribute to skin ageing and can penetrate glass.

• Missing the lips and eyes: Lips and the delicate skin around the eyes are often neglected. Use a lip balm with SPF to protect your lips and consider wearing sunglasses with UV protection to shield your eyes.

• Relying solely on sunscreen: While sunscreen is an essential part of sun protection, it should not be the only measure you take. Combine it with other sun safe practices like seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and using hats and sunglasses for maximum protection.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can ensure that you are using sunscreen correctly and maximising its effectiveness in protecting your skin from the sun's harmful rays.